形成性评价法在新入职护士规范化培训中的应用研究

目的探讨形成性评价法在新护士规范化培训中应用效果。方法将2016年42名新入职护士作为对照组,将2017年38名新入职护士作为试验组,对照组实施终结性评价法,试验组实施形成性评价和终结性评价相结合的方法,比较两组护士四次出科理论和操作考核成绩和新护士岗位胜任力。结果试验组护士的出科理论、操作考核成绩及岗位胜任力指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论通过对新护士规范化培训全程的观察、记录、反馈,帮助他们端正职业态度、明确职业职责、提高职业技能等岗位胜任力,促进了新入职护士规范化培训目标的完成。     

Psychological immune competency predicts burnout syndrome among the high-risk healthcare staff: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundBurnout and psychological immune competency have not been investigated together among employees of high-risk specializations such as emergency medicine, intensive care or surgery.AimIn this study we aim to examine the prevalence of burnout among high-risk clinical staff and explore whether the strength of psychological immune competency predict burnout.DesignA cross-sectional design utilizing a self-administrated questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants (n = 216). Nurses (n = 145) and physicians (n = 71) from emergency medicine, intensive care and surgery departments participated in the study.MethodBurnout syndrome was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, while psychological immune competency was measured using the Psychological Immune Competency Questionnaire. The data collection started in June of 2018 and was finished in March of 2019.ResultsParticipants with higher psychological immune competency reported lower levels of burnout: emotional exhaustion (r = −0.478; p < 0.001), depersonalization (r = −0.459; p < 0.001) and personal accomplishment (r = 0.543; p < 0.001). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis revealed the psychological immune competency to be a stable predictor of burnout on all three scales.ConclusionPsychological immune competency shows a strong relationship with scales of burnout syndrome and as such should be further examined due to development of successful intervention and prevention programs.     

Safety of pregabalin among hemodialysis patients suffering from uremic pruritus

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the safety and probability of adverse events associated with the use of 75 mg pregabalin post hemodialysis (pHD) among patients with UP. Methods: A cross-sectional study done among the hemodialysis patients suffering from uremic pruritus (UP) Aljaber Kidney Center (AJKC), Al-Ahsa, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Assessment for the safety profile of pregabalin was done using Naranjo’s algorithm. A predictive model was developed using binary multiple logistic regression to explore association of patients’ demographics and risk factors with the occurrence of AEs. Throughout statistical significance level was considered significant at 0.05. Key findings: Assessment of safety of pregabalin revealed that somnolence and dizziness were the two frequent adverse events followed by constipation, weight gain and edema. However, it was noticed that female patients aged less than 50 years were found to be at a higher risk in comparison with men. Moreover, those patients having one comorbid complication (i.e. hypertension or diabetes mellitus alone) were at a higher risk of somnolence, weight gain and dry mouth. Conclusion: Naranjo’s quantification for the possibility and probability of adverse events reflect that all the events were probable. Age, gender and comorbid medical conditions are some of the factors that might have clinical association with the occurrence of the AEs.     

护士分层级多途径联合培训实践

目的在护士岗位管理的基础上,探讨护士分层级多途径联合培训的效果。方法将全院1 012名护士根据护理工作性质设护理管理岗、医技护理岗、教学岗及临床护理岗,再将后两者分为N1~N4级;根据岗位及各层级护士实际情况进行分层级多途径联合培训、分层考核,实施1年后评价效果。结果联合培训后全院护士考核合格率达92.3%,考核成绩(67.30±10.41)~(83.83±7.13)分,显著高于联合培训前(P0.01);护理质量及患者满意度显著提高(P0.05,P0.01),护士科研能力相应提高。结论以岗位胜任力为核心的护士分层级多途径联合培训可满足不同层级护士需求,有利于提高培训效果和护理质量。     

Clinical competence in developmental‐behavioural paediatrics: Raising the bar

For our specialist paediatric workforce to be suitably equipped to deal with current childhood morbidity, a high level of competence in developmental‐behavioural paediatrics (DBP) is necessary. New models of training and assessment are required to meet this challenge. An evolution of training in DBP, built around the centrepiece of competency‐based medical education, is proposed. Summative assessment based upon entrustable professional activities, and a menu of formative workplace‐based assessments specific to the DBP context are key components. A pilot project to develop and implement these changes is recommended.     

桩腔预备后剩余充填材料封闭根管能力的实验研究

目的:采用葡萄糖微渗漏模型检测桩腔预备后剩余充填材料封闭根尖的能力。方法:选取70颗单根管上颌前牙,随机分为4个实验组和2个对照组。采用逐步后退技术预备根管,AHp lus糊剂和牙胶尖侧向加压充填根管,然后G钻进行桩腔预备。实验组根管内剩余充填物长度分别为3、5、7、10 mm。用葡萄糖微渗漏模型检测第1、2、3和4周根管冠根向渗漏出的葡萄糖量。结果:实验第1周各组的葡萄糖微渗漏值无显著性差异(P>0.05),第2周起,第1组的微渗漏值高于第3、4组(P<0.05),而第1、2组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:在保证桩核固位的前提下,应尽量多的保留根管内剩余充填物的长度。     

两种桩系统修复对根管治疗牙强度影响的有限元应力分析

目的比较两种不同弹性模量的桩修复对根管治疗牙应力分布的影响。方法建立根管治疗后的上颌中切牙分别采用玻璃纤维桩树脂核及铸造镍铬桩核修复的二维有限元模型，牙体预备均保留1．5mm的牙本质肩领。分析受力后的应力分布规律。结果不同材料的桩修复会在根管治疗牙牙根内产生明显不同的应力分布形式。玻璃纤维修复时牙根内的应力分布与天然牙近似，并且整体应力水平较低。铸造镍铬合金桩修复改变了天．然牙原有的应力分布形式，在桩一牙本质界面和桩末端出现了明显的应力集中。结论在选择桩的材料时要考虑其对根管治疗牙应力分布的影响。在保证牙颈部的强度和边缘密合性的同时，选择与牙本质弹性模量相近的桩可以减少根折的可能。